Building a plugin
Building a plugin
Let's walk the path from an empty folder to a working plugin with a route, a controller and an admin menu item. It helps to keep plugins/leads/ in front of you.
Quick start: a blank plugin
To avoid starting from scratch, download a minimal working plugin:
Download the blank plugin (zip)
Inside: manifest.json, plugin.php (a public route /starter, an admin page /admin/starter, a sidebar item, a migration), controllers, an admin template, languages and docs/. Install it via Plugins → Install from zip and click "Enable" — or unzip the starter/ folder into plugins/. Then rename starter to your own slug.
A plugin slug must not contain a hyphen: it becomes a PHP namespace (Celena\Plugin\<Slug>), and hyphens aren't valid there. Usemypluginormy_plugin.
Below is how it all works, so you can build your own from scratch.
Where to start
- Pick a
slug(latin letters, digits, hyphen), e.g.reviews. - Create the folder
plugins/reviews/and inside itmanifest.jsonandplugin.php.
manifest.json
{
"slug": "reviews",
"name": "Reviews",
"version": "1.0.0",
"author": "You",
"description": "Customer reviews: intake from the front and moderation in the admin.",
"requires": { "php": ">=8.3", "celena": ">=1.0" },
"migrations": "migrations/"
}
plugin.php — the entry point
plugin.php is included when an active plugin loads. Here you register routes, hooks and tags. The container is available via Kernel::container().
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
use Celena\Core\Http\Router;
use Celena\Core\Kernel;
use Celena\Core\Database\Connection;
use Celena\Core\Plugin\Hook;
use Celena\Plugin\Reviews\Controllers\ReviewsController;
use Celena\Plugin\Reviews\Admin\ReviewsAdminController;
$container = Kernel::container();
// 1. Idempotent migration run (if any).
try {
$dir = __DIR__ . '/migrations';
if (is_dir($dir)) {
(new \Celena\Core\Database\MigrationRunner(
$container->make(Connection::class),
$container->make(\Celena\Core\Logger::class),
))->run($dir);
}
} catch (\Throwable) {}
// 2. Routes.
$router = $container->make(Router::class);
$router->post('/api/reviews/submit', ReviewsController::class . '@submit'); // public
$router->get('/admin/reviews', ReviewsAdminController::class . '@index'); // admin
// 3. Admin sidebar item.
Hook::addFilter('admin.sidebar', function (array $items): array {
$icon = new \Celena\Core\Template\Tags\IconTag();
$items[] = [
'svg' => $icon(['name' => 'star', 'size' => 22, 'class' => 'sb-ico']),
'label' => 'Reviews',
'url' => '/admin/reviews',
'slug' => 'reviews',
];
return $items;
});
/admin/routes are registered WITHOUT shared middleware — the controller checks authorization itself (see below). Public/api/routes are open to everyone.
Controllers
PSR-4: the class Celena\Plugin\Reviews\Admin\ReviewsAdminController lives in plugins/reviews/src/Admin/ReviewsAdminController.php.
Admin controller
Extends Celena\Module\AdminBase\AdminController, which provides view(), redirect(), access to $this->auth, $this->options, and the shared admin layout:
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace Celena\Plugin\Reviews\Admin;
use Celena\Core\Database\Connection;
use Celena\Core\Http\Request;
use Celena\Core\Http\Response;
use Celena\Core\Template\Engine;
use Celena\Core\Security\Auth;
use Celena\Module\Settings\Options;
use Celena\Module\AdminBase\AdminController;
final class ReviewsAdminController extends AdminController
{
public function __construct(Engine $engine, Auth $auth, Options $options, private readonly Connection $conn)
{
parent::__construct($engine, $auth, $options);
}
public function index(Request $request): Response
{
if ($this->auth->user() === null) {
return Response::redirect('/admin/login');
}
$items = $this->conn->builder('reviews')->orderBy('created_at', 'desc')->get();
return $this->view('plugins/reviews/admin/index', ['items' => $items], 'reviews', 'Reviews');
}
}
$this->view($template, $vars, $activeMenu, $title) renders the template in the admin theme with the sidebar, notifications and current user.
Public controller
A front controller does not extend AdminController; dependencies arrive via the constructor (auto-injection):
namespace Celena\Plugin\Reviews\Controllers;
use Celena\Core\Database\Connection;
use Celena\Core\Http\Request;
use Celena\Core\Http\Response;
use Celena\Core\Security\Csrf;
final class ReviewsController
{
public function __construct(private readonly Connection $conn) {}
public function submit(Request $request): Response
{
if (!Csrf::validate((string) $request->input('_csrf'))) {
return Response::json(['error' => 'csrf'], 419);
}
$this->conn->builder('reviews')->insert([
'author' => \Celena\Core\Security\Filter::string((string) $request->input('author')),
'text' => \Celena\Core\Security\Filter::string((string) $request->input('text')),
'created_at' => date('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
]);
return Response::json(['ok' => true]);
}
}
Templates
Plugin templates live in plugins/reviews/templates/. The engine resolves them by the plugins/<slug>/ prefix:
$this->view('plugins/reviews/admin/index', …);
// → plugins/reviews/templates/admin/index.tpl
The active theme can override a template by creating templates/<theme>/plugins/reviews/admin/index.tpl.
Assets, languages, docs
assets/reviews.cssandassets/reviews.js(name = slug) are included automatically by the{plugin_assets}tag. Other files — via a direct link/public/assets/plugins/reviews/....languages/ru.json,languages/en.jsonare picked up automatically; use{lang key="reviews.x"}.- Add
docs/README.md— it opens in the admin via the plugin documentation button.
Enabling
Go to Plugins, click "Enable" on your plugin — migrations run, plugin.php is included, assets are copied.
Next: Hooks & events, Migrations & database, Security.